Three varieties of asafoetida are grown in India, the best quality coming from Kashmir with its cool climate and rich soil. In addition to domestic cultivation, India imports asafoetida in crude form. A part of
the imported resin is re-exported after processing. Commercially, Indian asafoetida comes in three forms: 'tears', 'mass' and 'paste', according to quality. Another classification names two varieties: 'Hing' and 'Hingra', which are again sub-divided on the basis of criteria like the place of origin, flavour and colour. India exports several varieties of asafoetida. Major among them are Hing, Hingra, Irani Hing, Pathani Hing, Hadda, Sweet, Bitter, White and Black.